Title
Pacing strategy in half-marathon and marathon based on performance level, sex and age
Creator
Ristanović, Ljubica, 1995-
CONOR:
15524199
Copyright date
2024
Object Links
Select license
Autorstvo-Nekomercijalno-Bez prerade 3.0 Srbija (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0)
License description
Dozvoljavate samo preuzimanje i distribuciju dela, ako/dok se pravilno naznačava ime autora, bez ikakvih promena dela i bez prava komercijalnog korišćenja dela. Ova licenca je najstroža CC licenca. Osnovni opis Licence: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/rs/deed.sr_LATN. Sadržaj ugovora u celini: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/rs/legalcode.sr-Latn
Language
Serbian
Cobiss-ID
Theses Type
Doktorska disertacija
description
Datum odbrane: 17.12.2024.
Other responsibilities
Academic Expertise
Društveno-humanističke nauke
University
Univerzitet u Beogradu
Faculty
Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja
Alternative title
Стратегија темпа трчања полумаратона и маратона у зависности од такмичарске успешности, пола и старости
Publisher
[Lj. Ristanović]
Format
125 str.
description
Physical Education and Sport - Physical Education, Sport and Recreation Sciences / Физичко васпитање и спорт
- Науке физичког васпитања, спорта и рекреације
Abstract (sr)
managing the intensity of effort throughout the race. The aim of this research was to analyze and compare PSs among half-marathon and marathon runners based on performance level, sex and age. The sample included 233,083 runners who finished the Vienna Half-Marathon (N=150,232) and Marathon (N=82,815) races from 2006 to 2023. The analysis utilized official data from the organizer's website.
PS was analyzed using five segments for both races. For the half-marathon, the course was divided into four 5 km and one 1.0975 km segments, whereas each marathon segment was twice as long. Percentage values of average change of speed for each segment (CS1–5) were calculated relative to the overall race speed. The absolute change of speed for the entire race (ACS) was the average of the five CS values. The performance groups were defined as quartiles based on race placement.
A positive PS with an end spurt (ES) and varying segments was observed in almost all runner subgroups, regardless of the race type, performance group, sex, and age. Faster runners exhibited a more consistent PS compared to slower runners. Slower runners had a higher ES compared to faster ones. Significant difference in ACS between races within each performance group was observed.
Male runners had lower ACS than female runners in the half-marathon, while the opposite trend was observed in the marathon. The differences between sexes were more pronounced in the marathon compared to the half-marathon. Female runners showed a higher ES than male runners.
In the half-marathon, male runners aged 40–59 and female runners aged 40–49 exhibited a more evenly distributed PS compared to younger and older runners. In the marathon, runners aged 30–49 showed a more consistent PS regardless of sex. Among male runners, each age group displayed a more even PS in the half-marathon compared to the marathon, while no significant difference was found among female runners. In the half-marathon, the youngest runners, regardless of sex, exhibited the fastest ES. In the marathon, the fastest ES was displayed by the youngest male runners and by both the oldest and youngest female runners.
Abstract (en)
Стратегија темпа (СТ) је кључни фактор који утиче на такмичарску успешност (ТУ) у трчању на дуге дистанце, управљајући интензитетом напора током трке. Циљ овог истраживања је био да анализира и упореди СТ код тркача на полумаратону и маратону, у зависности од нивоа ТУ, пола и старости. Узорак испитаника је чинило 233.083 тркача који су завршили трке у полумаратону (N=150.232) и маратону (N=82.815) у Бечу, од 2006. до 2023. године. За анализу су коришћени званични подаци са интернет странице организатора.
СТ је анализирана кроз 5 сегмената обе трке. У полумаратону, стаза је подељена на четири сегмента од 5 км и један од 1.0975 км, док је сваки сегмент у маратону двоструко дужи. Проценат просечне промене брзине сваког сегмента (ППБС1–5) израчунат је у односу на укупну брзину трке. Апсолутна промена брзине целе трке (АПБ) је израчуната као просечна вредност пет ППБС вредности. Групе према ТУ су креиране као квартили на основу пласмана на трци.
Позитивна СТ са крајњим убрзањем (КУ) и различитим сегментима примећена је у готово свим подгрупама тркача, без обзира на врсту трке, ТУ, пол и старост. Бржи тркачи су показали равномернију СТ у поређењу са споријим тркачима. Спорији тркачи су имали израженије КУ у поређењу с бржим тркачима. Примећена је значајна разлика у АПБ између трка унутар сваке групе ТУ.
Мушкарци су имали нижи АПБ од жена у полумаратону, док је супротан тренд примећен у маратону. Разлике између полова су биле израженије у маратону у поређењу са полумаратоном. Жене су имале веће КУ у односу на мушкарце.
Мушкарци старости од 40 до 59 година и жене старости од 40 до 49 година су имали равномернију СТ у поређењу с млађим и старијим тркачима у полумаратону. У маратону су тркачи старости од 30 до 49 година имали равномернију СТ без обзира на пол. Код мушкараца је равномернији темпо примећен унутар сваке старосне категорије у полумаратону у поређењу са маратоном, док код жена није било значајне разлике. Најмлађи тркачи су имали најизраженије КУ код оба пола у полумаратону. У маратону, најмлађи мушкарци су имали најизраженије КУ, док су и најстарије и најмлађе жене имале најизраженије КУ.
Authors Key words
long-distance running, long-distance races, pacing, running speed, speed variability, age group
Authors Key words
трчање на дуге дистанце, трке на дуге дистанце, темпo, брзина трчања, промена брзине, старосна категорија
Classification
796.422.012.13(043.3)
Type
Tekst
Abstract (sr)
managing the intensity of effort throughout the race. The aim of this research was to analyze and compare PSs among half-marathon and marathon runners based on performance level, sex and age. The sample included 233,083 runners who finished the Vienna Half-Marathon (N=150,232) and Marathon (N=82,815) races from 2006 to 2023. The analysis utilized official data from the organizer's website.
PS was analyzed using five segments for both races. For the half-marathon, the course was divided into four 5 km and one 1.0975 km segments, whereas each marathon segment was twice as long. Percentage values of average change of speed for each segment (CS1–5) were calculated relative to the overall race speed. The absolute change of speed for the entire race (ACS) was the average of the five CS values. The performance groups were defined as quartiles based on race placement.
A positive PS with an end spurt (ES) and varying segments was observed in almost all runner subgroups, regardless of the race type, performance group, sex, and age. Faster runners exhibited a more consistent PS compared to slower runners. Slower runners had a higher ES compared to faster ones. Significant difference in ACS between races within each performance group was observed.
Male runners had lower ACS than female runners in the half-marathon, while the opposite trend was observed in the marathon. The differences between sexes were more pronounced in the marathon compared to the half-marathon. Female runners showed a higher ES than male runners.
In the half-marathon, male runners aged 40–59 and female runners aged 40–49 exhibited a more evenly distributed PS compared to younger and older runners. In the marathon, runners aged 30–49 showed a more consistent PS regardless of sex. Among male runners, each age group displayed a more even PS in the half-marathon compared to the marathon, while no significant difference was found among female runners. In the half-marathon, the youngest runners, regardless of sex, exhibited the fastest ES. In the marathon, the fastest ES was displayed by the youngest male runners and by both the oldest and youngest female runners.
“Data exchange” service offers individual users metadata transfer in several different formats. Citation formats are offered for transfers in texts as for the transfer into internet pages. Citation formats include permanent links that guarantee access to cited sources. For use are commonly structured metadata schemes : Dublin Core xml and ETUB-MS xml, local adaptation of international ETD-MS scheme intended for use in academic documents.
